Chang’an Avenue and the Modernization of Chinese Architecture
IMAGES
![Chang'an Avenue in the Qing dynasty](https://arthistorypi.org/media/uw/images/_span10/Yu-fig-1.02.jpg)
Tiananmen Square, East Chang’an Avenue, and West Chang’an Avenue during the late Qing dynasty, detail of Xiangxi Dijing Yutu [Detailed map of the imperial capital], a map of Beijing published in 1908. Map in the public domain.
![Gate of New China](https://arthistorypi.org/media/uw/images/_span10/Yu-fig-1.03.jpg)
Gate of New China (Xinhuamen), built in 1758 as Baoyuelou, opened as a gate in 1912. Photograph by author.
![Computer-generated images for future Chang'an Avenue](https://arthistorypi.org/media/uw/images/_span10/Yu-fig-1.08.jpg)
Computer-generated images for future Chang’an Avenue, Research and Planning Project for Chang’an Avenue and Tiananmen Square, 2002. Reproduction from Chang’anjie: Guoqu, xianzai, weilai, 265. Courtesy of Zheng Guangzhong and Zhao Tian.
![Model of the Old City of Beijing](https://arthistorypi.org/media/uw/images/_span10/Yu-fig-1.09.jpg)
The model of the Old City of Beijing made in 1949, showing the legation quarter with its military drill grounds. Reproduction from Chang’anjie: Guoqu, xianzai, weilai, 46. Courtesy of Zheng Guangzhong.
![Walls facing Zhongnanhai](https://arthistorypi.org/media/uw/images/_span10/Yu-fig-1.10.jpg)
Walls facing Zhongnanhai across historic West Chang’an Avenue, 1910s. Photograph by author.
![The changing façades of Chang’an Avenue](https://arthistorypi.org/media/uw/images/_span10/Yu-fig-1.11.jpg)
The changing façades of Chang’an Avenue proper (top: northern façade; bottom: southern façade): a. 1910s–40s; b. 1950s–60s; c. 1970s–80s; d. 1990s–2010. Drawing by author.
![Telegraph Service Center](https://arthistorypi.org/media/uw/images/_span10/Yu-fig-1.12.jpg)
Telegraph Service Center, 1955–57. Lin Leyi, Zhang Zhaoping, and others. Photograph by author.
![Minority Culture Palace](https://arthistorypi.org/media/uw/images/_span10/Yu-fig-1.15.jpg)
Minority Culture Palace, 1958–59. Zhang Bo, Sun Peiyao, and others. Photograph by author.
![West Railway Station](https://arthistorypi.org/media/uw/images/_span10/Yu-fig-1.19.jpg)
West Railway Station, 1996. Zhu Jialu and others. Photograph by author.
![Beijing Hotel](https://arthistorypi.org/media/uw/images/_span10/Yu-fig-2.04.jpg)
Beijing Hotel (from left to right: the 1990 Grand Hotel, the 1953 West Building, the 1917 Middle Building, and the 1974 East Building). Brossard, Mopin, and Cie; Zhang Chengtian; Dai Nianci; Zhang Bo; and others. Photograph by author.
![The Great Hall of the People](https://arthistorypi.org/media/uw/images/_span10/Yu-fig-2.08.jpg)
The Great Hall of the People, 1958–59. Zhao Dongri, Shen Qi, Zhang Bo, and others. Photograph by author.
![Museum of Chinese Revolution and History](https://arthistorypi.org/media/uw/images/_span10/Yu-fig-2.10.jpg)
Museum of Chinese Revolution and History, 1958–59. Zhang Kaiji, Ye Zugui, Huang Qiaohong, and others. Photograph by author.
![Model of Chang’an Avenue planning](https://arthistorypi.org/media/uw/images/_span10/Yu-fig-3.01f.jpg)
Model of Chang’an Avenue planning, April 1964. Courtesy of the School of Architecture Archive, Tsinghua University. Comprehensive Plan.
![The T-shaped Chang’an Avenue model](https://arthistorypi.org/media/uw/images/_span10/Yu-fig-3.11.jpg)
The T-shaped Chang’an Avenue, model for the third scheme, Tsinghua University, June 1964. Courtesy of the School of Architecture Archive, Tsinghua University.
![Chairman Mao Memorial](https://arthistorypi.org/media/uw/images/_span10/Yu-fig-4.05.jpg)
Chairman Mao Memorial, 1976–77. Xu Mengpei and others. Photograph by author.
![Jianguo Hotel](https://arthistorypi.org/media/uw/images/_span10/Yu-fig-4.08b.jpg)
Jianguo Hotel, 1980–82. Chen Xuanyuan and others. Jianguo Hotel entrance off of Chang’an Avenue. Photograph by author.
![China Millennium Monument](https://arthistorypi.org/media/uw/images/_span10/Yu-fig-5.04.jpg)
Plaza of Holy Fire, Bronze Causeway, and the “Main Altar,” China Millennium Monument, 1999. Photograph by author.
![Chang’an Avenue in the early 2000s](https://arthistorypi.org/media/uw/images/_span10/Yu-fig-5.10.jpg)
Chang’an Avenue in the early 2000s with abstract “big roofs” in modern materials (the 1998 National Electricity Distribution Center is the second from right). Photograph by author.
![Headquarters of Bank of China](https://arthistorypi.org/media/uw/images/_span10/Yu-fig-5.13.jpg)
Headquarters of Bank of China, 1996–99. I. M. Pei, C. C. Pei, and others. Photograph by author.
![1958 National Grand Theatre scheme](https://arthistorypi.org/media/uw/images/_span10/Yu-fig-5.15a.jpg)
1958 National Grand Theatre scheme by Tsinghua University. Courtesy of Li Daozeng.
![ADP and Tsinghua University scheme](https://arthistorypi.org/media/uw/images/_span10/Yu-fig-5.16a.jpg)
Scheme selected from the second and third modifications of the international competition for the National Grand Theatre, March to July 1999: ADP and Tsinghua University. Reproduction from Zhongguo Guojia Dajüyuan Jianzhu Sheji Guoji Jingsai fang’anji, 55. Courtesy of Zhou Qinglin.
![Terry Farrell and Beijing Institute scheme](https://arthistorypi.org/media/uw/images/_span10/Yu-fig-5.19b_.jpg)
Scheme selected from the second and third modifications of the international competition for the National Grand Theatre, March to July 1999: Terry Farrell and Beijing Institute. Reproduction from Zhongguo Guojia Dajüyuan Jianzhu Sheji Guoji Jingsai fang’anji, 65. Courtesy of Zhou Qinglin.
![The central axis of Beijing](https://arthistorypi.org/media/uw/images/_span10/Yu-fig-6.14.jpg)
The central axis of Beijing for the twenty-first century, models in the Beijing City Planning Exhibition Hall. Photograph by author.